Anh Ly
Wessam Labib MD, MPH
Sarah Castillo
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Peer Reviewed Resource
(Review in Progress)
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Pharmacotherapy
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| Created (Modified): |
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04/06/2012
(04/19/2012)
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Description of Resource
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Inter-professional Laboratory (IPL) Simulations in Family Practice curriculum have been established between nursing and family practice physicians; however, pharmacy has not been corporate. The case scenario involves the care of geriatric patient who present to the emergency room with multiple medical conditions and an acute sepsis. Students supposed to identify the treatment and acute condition as well as the deteriorating other medical conditions including congestive heart failure with fluid overload and electrolytes abnormality. During the progression of the condition the students will be faced by the need to make decisions about medication dosage and frequencies. Pharmacy residents and students will be in the bedside with the medical students as well as nursing students. There will be a family member "standardized patient" at the bedside. Methods Design: Prospective, cross-sectional modified PPCI questionnaire evaluating medical student's perspectives in pharmacy-physician collaboration after IPL Simulation for one academic year (16 sessions total). Participants: Simulation participants will include: four to five medical students in their junior year of training (3rd year students) during their family medicine clerkship; one to two acute care nursing students; one pharmacy resident and/or two pharmacy students in their internal medicine clerkship (4th year students, Advance Pharmacy Practice Experience). One pharmacy resident and/or two pharmacy students will be in the active participator cohort per simulation. The medical and nursing students will be equally distributed between the active participator cohort and observational cohort. Participants are informed to study all therapeutic diseases prior to the simulation without removing the factor of surprise and to actively participate during the simulation. Data Collection Questionnaire: The questionnaire was designed in relation to the collaborative working relationships theoretical model and PPCI. The PPCI investigators completed validation testing that included face validity surveys, pilot testing, refinement, and reliability testing and factor analytic techniques. The questionnaire was developed and will be implemented into Family Practice IPL simulation to capture the nature and scope of social exchange to initiate a drive for professional relationship in both groups. Survey is developed by previous PPCI assessment tool, which measures three domains of physician-pharmacist interactions: relationship initiation, trustworthiness, and role specification with relationship drivers (individual/participant characteristics, content characteristics and exchange characteristics) that influence the frequency of interactions in the three domains. Individual/participant and contextual measures were collected as multiple choices. Professional interaction refers to the pharmacy clinical activities completed during the IPL simulation. Clinical activities may occur multiple of times during the simulation; it will be accounted as "1". Exchange or interaction characteristic measures were modified from the PPCI to IPL simulation settings. Exchange responses for all three domains (relationship initiation, trustworthiness, and role specification) will be scored on a 7-point Likert scale for the physicians' agreement with each statement where 1 = very strongly disagree to 7 = very strongly agree. Additional collaborative practice measures were incorporated to represent physician's potential level of future collaboration of sharing of responsibilities and decision making for managing patients drug therapy once in practice. |
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Type of Material
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Article |
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Objectives (suggested 3-7)
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To evaluate if there is difference between the active participator cohorts (students who actively participated in the simulation) compared to observational cohorts (students who observed the simulation in an adjacent room) in pharmacists-physician collaboration in a Family Practice IPL Simulation for the following outcomes: (1) determine clinical activities completed in the simulation or clinical activities physicians valued; (2) evaluate physician's perception of a clinical pharmacist in the 3 domains interactions; (3) evaluate physician's potential level of future collaboration in established practice setting. |
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Has this been formally reviewed elsewhere?
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No |
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Describe the effectiveness (if available) and significance of your work
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Through IPL simulation and the integration of CWR model and PPCI, the aim of the study is to provide medical students an early exposure of pharmacist-physician collaboration (Stage 0 to Stage 2), evaluate physician's perceptions of pharmacists, and determine the relationship drivers that most influence physician's willingness to inspire for a commitment to a physician-pharmacist collaboration (Stage 4) towards one's established practice setting. Insights in this study may assist other faculty interested in understanding collaborative care models and implementing the integration of pharmacy residents and students in to IPL simulation. In addition, may also assist physicians and pharmacists in developing future collaborations in their own practice to improve patient outcomes. |
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List any publications from, presentations from, and/or citations to this resource
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STFM conference on medical students education feb 2012 |
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Other Relevant STFM Groups
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Educational Professionals in Family Medicine |
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Geriatrics |
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STFMpharmacypublication.pdf
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